Menstrual abnormalities
Painful or irregular periods can have causes that aren't due to underlying disease. Examples include physical stress, psychological stress, medication side effects or herbs such as ginseng and motherwort.
abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), which may include heavy menstrual bleeding, no menstrual bleeding (amenorrhea) or bleeding between periods (irregular menstrual bleeding) dysmenorrhea (painful menstrual periods) premenstrual syndrome (PMS) premenstrual dysphonic disorder (PMDD)